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2019; ; Country=USA; Writer=Kelly O'Sullivan; runtime=1hour 46Minutes; Drama. Saint Frances how many READ MORE Saint Frances {Watch Saint Movie Online Free Download} Watch Saint Frances full movie spoilers... Welcome to St Francis de Sales College Faith, Perseverance, Compassion, Integrity, Respect, Wisdom, Justice These heart values are lived and supported in the College community which is the vibrant connection of staff, students and their families working together and supporting each other in living the Gospel of Jesus Christ. LEARN MORE Upcoming Events Monday 16 Mar Junior School State Swim Lessons 23 Years 7-12 Catholic Athletic Carnival Thursday 09 Apr Last Day Term 1 - 3:10pm dismissal Friday 03 Jul Last Day Term 2 - 3:10pm dismissal 25 Sep Last Day Term 3 - 3:10 dismissal Oct Year 12 Final Day - Liturgy 100% SACE Completion Achieved in 2019 Instrumental Cabaret - a night full of stars Students attend Global Climate Strike Academic Assembly Years 7-12 St Francis de Sales Sydney Arts Trip Are our habits serving us well? “Life is not about how fast you run or how high you climb but how well you bounce. ” Vivian Komori Best drawing apps for iPad Pro and Apple Pencil Best drawing apps for iPad Pro and Apple Pencil.

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I believe we have some say over who we love. I think the poets would disagree. wow. please stop sleeping on this. The Prayer Guide Praying Alone Praying in families Praying with others Praying for... Prayers to pray Books to read Online prayer For Leaders Sitemap Contact Lord, make me an instrument of your peace, Where there is hatred, let me sow love; where there is injury, pardon; where there is doubt, faith; where there is despair, hope; where there is darkness, light; where there is sadness, joy; O Divine Master, grant that I may not so much seek to be consoled as to console; to be understood as to understand; to be loved as to love. For it is in giving that we receive; it is in pardoning that we are pardoned; and it is in dying that we are born to eternal life. St. Francis was born at Assisi in 1182. After a care free youth, he turned his back on inherited wealth and committed himself to God. Like many early saints, he lived a very simple life of poverty, and in so doing, gained a reputation of being the friend of animals.  He established the rule of St Francis, which exists today as the Order of St. Francis, or the Franciscans. He died in 1226, aged 44. The prayer has many of the biblical truths of what it means to be a Christian - to seek to give, and in so doing, receive blessings; that the Lord's Prayer asks God to forgive us as we forgive, and that the goal of eternal life can only result from us putting to death our old sinful lives. Pointers for Prayer: Sometimes Christians are called to turn the world upside down. To bring the exact opposite of what we find in our world. St. Francis' prayer is a bold one, asking for strength to give of ourselves to meet the needs of others. He recognises that it "is in giving that we receive" that as we give of ourselves, we receive the peace and blessing of our risen Lord Jesus. We cannot earn eternal life, but that we are pardoned from the sins that block our claim on it. Think about the situations that you are involved in that require peace, consolation, hope, light and joy.  Then, if you're bold enough, pray the prayer.

Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini M. S. C. Religious and foundress Born July 15, 1850 Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, Province of Lodi, Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, Austrian Empire Died December 22, 1917 (aged 67) Chicago, Illinois, US Venerated in Roman Catholic Church Beatified November 13, 1938, by Pope Pius XI Canonized July 7, 1946, by Pope Pius XII Major shrine National Shrine of Saint Francis Xavier Cabrini, Chicago, IL; Mother Cabrini Shrine, Golden, CO; St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine, New York, NY Feast November 13 (US, 1961 to date) December 22 (elsewhere) Patronage Immigrants, hospital administrators Frances Xavier Cabrini MSC ( Italian: Francesca Saverio Cabrini; July 15, 1850 – December 22, 1917) also called Mother Cabrini, was an Italian-American Roman Catholic nun. She founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a Catholic religious institute that was a major support to her fellow Italian immigrants to the United States. She was the first U. citizen to be canonized as a Saint by the Roman Catholic Church, on July 7, 1946. Elizabeth Ann Seton later became the first native-born U. citizen to be canonized. ) Early life [ edit] Frances was born July 15, 1850, in Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, in the Lombard Province of Lodi, then part of the Austrian Empire, the youngest of the thirteen children of Agostino Cabrini and Stella Oldini, 1] who were farmers. Only four of the thirteen survived beyond adolescence. Born two months early, she was small and weak as a child, and remained in delicate health throughout her life. During her childhood, she visited an uncle, Don Luigi Oldini of Livagra, a priest who lived beside a swift canal. While there, she made little boats of paper, dropped violets in them, called the flowers missionaries, and launched them to sail off to India and China. At thirteen, Francesca attended a school run by the Daughters of the Sacred Heart. Five years later she graduated cum laude, with a teaching certificate. [2] After the deaths of her parents in 1870, she applied for admission to the religious congregation of the Daughters of the Sacred Heart at Arluno. These sisters were her former teachers, but, reluctantly, they told her she was too frail for their life. [3] She became the headmistress of the House of Providence orphanage in Codogno, where she taught, and drew a small community of women to live a religious way of life. Cabrini took religious vows in 1877 and added Xavier to her name to honor the Jesuit saint, Francis Xavier, the patron saint of missionary service. [4] Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus [ edit] In November 1880, she and six other women who had taken religious vows with her founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (M. 5] Cabrini composed the Rule and Constitutions of the religious institute, and she continued as its superior general until her death. The sisters took in orphans and foundlings, opened a day school to help pay expenses, started classes in needlework and sold their fine embroidery to earn a little more money. [2] The institute established seven homes and a free school and nursery in its first five years. Its good works brought Cabrini to the attention of (the now Blessed) Giovanni Scalabrini, Bishop of Piacenza, and of Pope Leo XIII. Mission to United States [ edit] Stained glass window in Chesapeake, Virginia, depicting Mother Cabrini In September 1877, Cabrini went to seek approval of the pope to establish missions in China. Instead, he suggested that she go to the United States to help the Italian immigrants who were flooding to that nation, mostly in great poverty. "Not to the East, but to the West" was his advice. [5] Cabrini left for the United States, arriving in New York City on March 31, 1889, along with six other sisters. [6] In New York she encountered disappointment and difficulties. [5] Archbishop Michael Corrigan, who was not immediately supportive, found them housing at the convent of the Sisters of Charity. She obtained the archbishop's permission to found an orphanage, which is located in West Park, New York and known today as Saint Cabrini Home. Cabrini organized catechism and education classes for the Italian immigrants and provided for the needs of the many orphans. She established schools and orphanages despite tremendous odds. She was as resourceful as she was prayerful, finding people who would donate what she needed in money, time, labor, and support. [7] In New York City, she founded Columbus Hospital, which merged with Italian Hospital to become Cabrini Medical Center from 1973 [8] until its closure in 2008. [9] In Chicago, the sisters opened Columbus Extension Hospital (later renamed Saint Cabrini Hospital) in the heart of the city's Italian neighborhood on the Near West Side. Both hospitals eventually closed near the end of the 20th century. Their foundress' name lives on in Chicago's Cabrini Street. She founded 67 institutions: in New York; Chicago and Des Plaines, Illinois; Seattle; New Orleans; Denver and Golden, Colorado; Los Angeles; Philadelphia; and in countries throughout Latin America and Europe. [4] Long after her death, the Missionary Sisters would achieve Cabrini's goal of being missionaries to China. In only a short time, after much social and religious upheaval there, the Sisters left China and, subsequently, a Siberian placement. citation needed] Cabrini was naturalized as a United States citizen in 1909. [4] Death [ edit] Cabrini died of complications from malaria at age 67 in Columbus Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on December 22, 1917, 1] while preparing Christmas candy for the local children. By that time, she had founded 67 missionary institutions to serve the sick and poor and to train additional sisters to carry on the work. Her body was originally interred at what is now Saint Cabrini Home, an orphanage she founded in West Park, Ulster County, New York. Veneration [ edit] In 1931, her body was exhumed as part of the canonization process. At that time, her head was removed and is preserved in the chapel of the congregation's international motherhouse in Rome. An arm is at the national shrine in Chicago, while most of the rest of her body is at the shrine in New York. Cabrini was beatified on November 13, 1938, by Pope Pius XI, and canonized on July 7, 1946, 7] by Pope Pius XII. Her beatification miracle involved restoring the sight of a one-day-old baby who had been blinded by a 50% silver nitrate solution instead of the normal 1% solution in the child's eyes. The child, named Peter Smith (1921–2002) would later be present at her beatification and become a priest. [10] Her canonization miracle involved the healing of a terminally ill member of her congregation. When she was canonized, an estimated 120, 000 people filled Chicago's Soldier Field for a Mass of thanksgiving. [11] In the Roman Martyrology, her feast day is December 22, the anniversary of her death, the day ordinarily chosen as a saint's feast day. [12] Following the reforms in Pope John XXIII 's Code of Rubrics, the United States since 1961 has celebrated Cabrini's feast on November 13, the day of her beatification, to avoid conflicting with the greater ferias of Advent. St. Frances Xavier Cabrini is the patron saint of immigrants, 13] and of the religious institute, the Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará (Servidoras. 14] Mother Cabrini is also informally recognized an effective intercessor for finding a parking space. [15] Shrines [ edit] Chicago, Illinois (National Shrine. edit] National Shrine in Chicago After Cabrini's death, her room at Columbus Hospital, in Chicago's Lincoln Park neighborhood, became a popular destination for the faithful seeking personal healing and spiritual comfort. Due to the overwhelming number of pilgrims after her canonization in 1946, the then- Archbishop of Chicago, Cardinal Samuel Stritch, commissioned a National Shrine built in her honor within the hospital complex. He dedicated the shrine in 1955. [16] The hospital closed in 2002, to be replaced by a high-rise development on North Lakeview, but the shrine and Cabrini's room were preserved during the long period of demolition and construction. They were solemnly blessed and re-dedicated by Cardinal Francis George on September 30, 2012, and reopened to the public the next day. The shrine is an architectural gem of gold mosaics, Carrara marble, frescoes and Florentine stained glass, functioning as a stand-alone center for prayer, worship, spiritual care and pilgrimage. [16] Golden, Colorado [ edit] Stone House in Golden, Colorado In 1904, Cabrini established Denver's Queen of Heaven Orphanage for girls, including many orphans of local Italian miners. In 1910, she purchased rural property from the town of Golden, on the east slope of Lookout Mountain, as a summer camp for the girls. A small farming operation was established and maintained by three of the Sisters of the Sacred Heart. The camp dormitory, built of native rock and named the Stone House, was completed in 1914 and later listed on the National Register of Historic Places. [17] Where Cabrini had once located an underground spring on the mountainside, a replica of the Lourdes Grotto was built in 1929, later replaced by a simpler sandstone structure. After Cabrini's canonization, the campsite officially became a shrine. Extensive additions in 1954 included a long Stairway of Prayer for pilgrims following her footpath up the mountain, marked with the Stations of the Cross, leading to a 22-foot (7 m) Statue of Jesus at the summit. [18] In 1967, a system of foster care replaced the orphanage, and Queen of Heaven closed. The summer campsite became a year-round facility for retreats and small prayer gatherings. A new convent building, completed in 1970, includes housing for the resident Sisters, overnight accommodations for visitors, a chapel dedicated to the Sacred Heart, and an exhibit of artifacts and clothing once used by Cabrini. [17] The statues and stained-glass windows of the chapel came from Villa Cabrini Academy in Burbank, California, a former school founded by the Missionary Sisters. [18] Manhattan, New York [ edit] Cabrini Shrine in Manhattan The St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine in the Hudson Heights section of Manhattan overlooks the banks of the Hudson River and neighboring New Jersey. After her death in 1917, Cabrini was buried in West Park, New York. In 1933, her remains were moved to the chapel of Mother Cabrini High School in Manhattan. Following Cabrini's canonization in 1946, there were so many pilgrims coming to pray that a new shrine was built in 1957 on the school grounds. The shrine served the young women attending Mother Cabrini High School as a place for their liturgies and prayer services. Mother Cabrini High School was established in 1899. It closed June 30, 2014 after 115 years of educational service to women. [19] The major portion of Cabrini's body was enshrined under glass in the altar of the shrine. Her remains were later moved to a large urn, and replaced by a wax effigy in the glass display. Today, the shrine continues as a center of welcome for new immigrants and pilgrims of many nationalities who come to pray and reflect. [20] The street to the west of the shrine was renamed Cabrini Boulevard in her honor. Peru, New York [ edit] In 1947, one year after Cabrini's canonization, a shrine was dedicated to her in Peru, New York. The shrine is a stone grotto located on the grounds of St. Patrick's, a mission church built in 1841 for Irish immigrants. [21] 22] Southwark, London [ edit] Shrine in St George's Cathedral, Southwark In St George's Cathedral, Southwark, which Cabrini regularly attended during her time in London, a shrine to her was dedicated in 2009, designed by brothers Theodore, James, and Gabriel Gillick. The bronze sculpture depicts the saint watching over a group of migrants standing on a pile of suitcases. [23] Legacy [ edit] Churches and parishes [ edit] Italy [ edit] St Frances Cabrini Parish (parrocchia Santa Francesca Cabrini) Rome, Italy St Frances Cabrini Parish (parrocchia Santa Francesca Cabrini) Lodi, Italy St Frances Cabrini Parish (parrocchia Santa Francesca Cabrini) Codogno, Italy United States [ edit] St Frances Cabrini Parish, West Bend, Wisconsin St Frances Cabrini Catholic Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota Church of St. Frances Cabrini in North Haven, Connecticut. Saint Frances Cabrini Catholic Church in Littleton, Colorado. St. Frances Cabrini Catholic Church in Paris, Missouri. Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini Catholic Church in Yucaipa, California. Saint Frances Cabrini Parish in San Jose, California. St. Frances Cabrini Church in Savannah, Georgia. St. Frances Cabrini Church in Tucson, Arizona. St. Frances Cabrini Catholic Church in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania. St. Frances Cabrini Parish in Allen Park, Michigan. [24] St. Frances Cabrini Catholic Church in Lebanon, Tennessee. St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Parish in Lorain, Ohio. St. Francis Xavier Cabrini Catholic Church in Benton City, Washington. St. Frances Cabrini Church in Omaha, Nebraska St. Frances Cabrini Catholic Church in Conneaut, Ohio. St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Catholic Church in El Paso, Texas. St. Frances Cabrini Church in New Orleans, built in 1953 and destroyed in Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The former St. Frances X. Cabrini Church in Scituate, Massachusetts, which was closed in 2004 and was kept open by parishioners until 2016. St. Frances Cabrini Church, Brooklyn, New York. St. Frances Cabrini Church, Roosevelt Island, New York [25] St. Frances Cabrini Parish, Springfield, Illinois. Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini Catholic Church, Parrish, Florida Other countries [ edit] St Francesca Cabrini Italian Church in Bedford, England [26] Educational institutions [ edit] Mother Cabrini High School, New York City Istituto Comprensivo "F. Cabrini" in Milan. [27] Cabrini University in Radnor, Pennsylvania. [7] Cabrini High School in New Orleans. [28] The former Villa Cabrini Academy (1937–1970) in Burbank, California. The former Mother Cabrini High School (1899–2014) in New York City. Saint Frances Cabrini Catholic Academy in Brooklyn, New York. Cabrini High School in Allen Park, Michigan. St. Frances Cabrini School in Savannah, Georgia. Mother Cabrini School in Caparra Heights, Puerto Rico. Saint Frances Cabrini School on St. Frances Cabrini Ave in Scranton, PA. St. Frances Cabrini Academy elementary school in St. Louis, MO. Instituto Cabrini in Buenos Aires, Argentina Colegio Santa Francisca Javier Cabrini in Madrid, Spain [29] Ensemble Scolaire Françoise Cabrini in Noisy-le-Grand, France (former orphanage) Hospitals [ edit] Christus St. Frances Cabrini Hospital in Alexandria, Louisiana, bears her name because Charles Greco, the Bishop of Alexandria at the time of its founding, shortly after her canonization, had met her when she came to visit the grade school he attended in New Orleans. The former St. Cabrini Hospital (c. 1946–c. 2002) in Chicago, Illinois, now the site of her National Shrine. The former Cabrini Medical Center (1973–2008) in Manhattan, New York City. Santa-Cabrini Hospital, in the east end of Montreal, Canada, is named in her honor due to her popularity amongst Canadians of Italian descent. St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Hospital, in Malvern and Brighton, Melbourne, Australia. Other tributes [ edit] St. Cabrini Home, West Park, New York, was Mother Cabrini's early orphanage, headquarters, and burial place. The Cabrini Mission Foundation, founded in 1998, is a non-profit organization that raises funds to support Cabrini programs and institutions focused on health care, education, and social services. [30] Cabrini was honored in 1996 when she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. [31] Milan Central railway station was dedicated to Francesca Cabrini in 2010. [32] Chicago's Cabrini–Green housing project, which has since been mostly torn down, 33] was named after her, due to her work with Italian immigrants in the location. It has since become a haven for underprivileged and poor people and the Cabrini Sisters still work there. Mother Cabrini Park was created in Brooklyn, New York, in 1992. [34] In a 2019 citywide survey, Mother Cabrini was "the leading vote-getter by far" among more than 300 nominees for the "She Built NYC" municipal statue program. When Mayor Bill de Blasio and First Lady Chirlane McCray received widespread criticism for overriding the results of their survey, Governer Andrew Cuomo and Brooklyn Bishop Nicholas DiMarzio pledged their support for a public memorial. [35] It is scheduled to be built in Manhattan's Battery Park City, looking out at the immigration landmarks of Ellis Island and the Statue of Liberty. [36] See also [ edit] American Catholic Servants of God, Venerables, Beatified, and Saints Italians in Chicago List of Catholic saints Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini, patron saint archive References [ edit] a b "Our Patron Saint" St. Frances Cabrini Parish, San Jose, California. ^ a b "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini" Lives of Saints, John J. Crawley & Co. ^ Frances Xavier Cabrini 1850–1917" Catholic Home Study Service. ^ a b c "St. Frances Xavier Cabrini – Missionary to the Immigrants" Florida State Council, Knights of Columbus. ^ a b c Foley O. F. M., Leonard. "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini" revised by Pat McCloskey O. M., Franciscan Media. ^ Rothman, Lily (July 6, 2016. How Mother Cabrini Became the First American Saint. Faith. Time. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017. ^ a b c "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini" Cabrini College, Radnor, Pennsylvania. ^ About Us" Italian Hospital Society. ^ Schapiro, Rich (2008-03-15. Cabrini Medical Center closing doors. Daily News. Retrieved 2019-12-12. ^ Connolly, Seán (November 12, 2019. The age of miracles has not passed. Catholic World Report. ^ Martin, Michelle (February 26, 2012. Cabrini shrine seeing improvements, new mission" Catholic New World, Archdiocese of Chicago. ^ Martyrologium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001. ISBN   88-209-7210-7. ^ Mann, Tania (January 6, 2008. Relic reawakens spirit of Mother Cabrini's mission" Catholic New World, Archdiocese of Chicago. ^ Our Patron" Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará. ^ Saints Who Find You Parking Spaces" a b "History of the Shrine. The National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini. ^ a b Tancredo, Thomas G. (2000. Cabrini Shrine, Golden, Colorado" The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress. ^ a b "History of Mother Cabrini Shrine" Mother Cabrini Shrine, Golden, Colorado. ^ Mother Cabrini High School" New York. ^ St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine" New York City Chapter of the American Guild of Organists. ^ Ryan, John T. (July 14, 2012. Renewed life and spirit at Mother Cabrini Shrine. Peru Gazette. ^ Langlois, Michael (December 9, 2015. The Mother Cabrini Shrine. Lake Champlain Weekly. ^ New shrine to patron saint of migrants at St George's Cathedral. London SE1. Bankside Press. November 29, 2009. ^ St. Frances Cabrini Parish in Allen Park, Michigan ^ Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini" East River Catholics, New York, NY. ^ Italian Church of St Francesca Cabrini, Bedford ^ Istituto Comprensivo "F. Cabrini. ^ Cabrini High School, New Orleans, Louisiana ^ Colegio Santa Francisca Javier Cabrini Madrid. Retrieved August 7, 2017. ^ Cabrini Mission Foundation ^ St. Frances Xavier Cabrini" National Women's Hall of Fame. ^ Galeazzi, Giacomo (November 13, 2010. Bertone: Noi ex migrantii" in Italian. ^ The Cabrini–Green Issue" The Paw Print, February 2009. Walter Payton College Preparatory High School, Chicago, Ill. Retrieved 2009-10-15. ^ Mother Cabrini Park" New York City Department of Parks & Recreation. ^ Campanile, Carl; Brown, Lee (October 13, 2019. Cuomo backs Cabrini statue in 'slap in the face' to de Blasio. New York Post. ^ Mother Cabrini Statue to Grace South Cove of Battery Park City. Catholic New York. December 18, 2019. Further reading [ edit] Keyes, Frances Parkinson. Mother Cabrini, missionary to the world (1959) Online free, For middle school students Luongo, Michael (February 6, 2015. In Upper Manhattan, Restoring the Golden Halo of Mother Cabrini. The New York Times. External links [ edit] Works by or about Frances Xavier Cabrini at Internet Archive Frances Xavier Cabrini at Find a Grave Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica.

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Saint Frances freedom. St francis animal freehold. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository Jump to navigation Jump to search English: Saint Frances of Rome (or Saint Francesca Romana) 1384 – March 9, 1440) was an Italian saint. Frances of Rome  Italian mystic and religious foundress Upload media   Wikipedia Date of birth 1384 Rome Date of death 9 March 1440 Rome Occupation monk Authority control   Q239129 ISNI: 0000 0000 8015 4819 VIAF ID: 28536348 GND ID: 118693018 Library of Congress authority ID: n85376404 Bibliothèque nationale de France ID: 12152990d IdRef ID: 030030811 Open Library ID: OL5561186A NKCR AUT ID: xx0030914 SELIBR ID: 310485 NTA ID: 086377469 Reasonator PetScan Scholia Statistics Search depicted Subcategories This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. ► Saint Frances of Rome churches ‎ (1 C, 2 F) C ► Convento Oblate di santa Francesca Romana (Rome) ‎ (1 C, 28 F) L ► La vision de sainte Françoise Romaine - Poussin - Louvre RF 1999. 1 ‎ (4 F) P ► Paintings of Frances of Rome ‎ (8 F) V ► Vision of Santa Francesca Romana by Carlo Maratta ‎ (4 F) ► Vision of St Francesca Romana, Orazio Gentileschi ‎ (7 F) Media in category "Saint Frances of Rome" The following 20 files are in this category, out of 20 total. Antoniazzo Romano – Santa Francesca Romana e il miracolo del 778 × 684; 161 KB Antoniazzo Romano – Santa Francesca Romana guarisce un giovane 1, 024 × 801; 1. 34 MB 453 × 384; 147 KB Ballina St. Muredach's Cathedral North Aisle Window 03 2013 09 800 × 2, 822; 2. 11 MB Bordeaux Saint-Louis 2, 520 × 3, 776; 8. 44 MB Chapel of Santa Francesca Romana in San Sebastian outside the 2, 484 × 3, 124; 4. 38 MB Chevaigné (35) Église Maîtresse-vitre 2, 381 × 1, 786; 2. 04 MB Frances of 227 × 350; 53 KB Houilles Église Saint-Nicolas Vitrail 3, 065 × 4, 598; 11. 86 MB La Rochepot Notre-Dame-de-la-Nativité Vitrail 1, 521 × 2, 282; 2. 64 MB Quéménéven (29) Chapelle Notre-Dame de Kergoat Statue 1, 786 × 2, 381; 1. 92 MB Saint Frances and Saint Antony Saint Roch chapel Fonteklaus 5, 029 × 3, 982; 7. 89 MB Saint Francisca Romana presented by the Virgin with the Wellcome 2, 254 × 3, 369; 3. 59 MB Saint-Magne Église Vitrail 1, 786 × 2, 381; 1, 010 KB Saints John and Andrew apostles, Francesca of Rome and Catherine of Alexandria - San Domenico - Siena 2, 328 × 5, 144; 7. 72 MB 3, 648 × 2, 736; 5. 01 MB Theodor Schnell dJ Franziska Romana RV Liebfrauen Josefsaltar 1, 957 × 3, 221; 2. 15 MB Vitrail de Sainte-Françoise Romaine dans l'église Saint-Seurin 2, 736 × 3, 648; 3. 18 MB Yzeure Église Saint-Pierre Vitrail 3, 058 × 4, 586; 7. 31 MB Église Saint-Denis-de-la-Croix-Rousse de Lyon - Vitrail sainte Françoise 1, 474 × 3, 572; 4. 09 MB Retrieved from. Categories: 1384 births 1440 deaths Francesca (given name) Women of Rome 15th-century women of Italy Benedictine nuns Female Christian saints Roman Catholic nuns from Italy Saints of Italy Births in Rome Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox Uses of Wikidata Infobox providing interwiki links Deceased people by name Uses of Wikidata Infobox with no family name Women by name People by name.

Saint Francis of Assisi O. F. M. Founder of the Franciscan Order The oldest surviving depiction of Saint Francis is a fresco near the entrance of the Benedictine abbey of Subiaco, painted between March 1228 and March 1229. He is depicted without the stigmata, but the image is a religious image and not a portrait. [1] Religious, Deacon, Confessor Stigmatist and Religious Founder Born Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone 1181 or 1182 Assisi, Duchy of Spoleto, Holy Roman Empire Died 3 October 1226 (aged 44 years) 2] Assisi, Umbria, Papal States [3] Venerated in Catholic Church Anglican Communion [4] Lutheranism [5] Old Catholic Church Canonized 16 July 1228, Assisi, Papal States by Pope Gregory IX Major shrine Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi Feast 4 October Patronage Stowaways [6] Italy [7] Ecology [7] Animals [8] 9] Saint Francis of Assisi ( Italian: San Francesco d'Assisi, Latin: Sanctus Franciscus Assisiensis) born Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, informally named as Francesco (1181/1182 – 3 October 1226. 2] was an Italian Catholic friar, deacon and preacher. He founded the men's Order of Friars Minor, the women's Order of Saint Clare, the Third Order of Saint Francis and the Custody of the Holy Land. Francis is one of the most venerated religious figures in Christianity. [3] Pope Gregory IX canonized Francis on 16 July 1228. Along with Saint Catherine of Siena, he was designated Patron saint of Italy. He later became associated with patronage of animals and the natural environment, and it became customary for churches to hold ceremonies blessing animals on or near his feast day of 4 October. In 1219, he went to Egypt in an attempt to convert the Sultan to put an end to the conflict of the Crusades. [10] By this point, the Franciscan Order had grown to such an extent that its primitive organizational structure was no longer sufficient. He returned to Italy to organize the Order. Once his community was authorized by the Pope, he withdrew increasingly from external affairs. Francis is also known for his love of the Eucharist. [11] In 1223, Francis arranged for the first Christmas live nativity scene. [12] 13] 2] According to Christian tradition, in 1224 he received the stigmata during the apparition of Seraphic angels in a religious ecstasy, 14] which would make him the second person in Christian tradition after St. Paul (Galatians 6:17) to bear the wounds of Christ's Passion. [15] He died during the evening hours of 3 October 1226, while listening to a reading he had requested of Psalm 142 (141. Biography [ edit] Early life [ edit] Francis of Assisi was born in late 1181 or early 1182, one of several children of an Italian father, Pietro di Bernardone dei Moriconi, a prosperous silk merchant, and a French mother, Pica de Bourlemont, about whom little is known except that she was a noblewoman originally from Provence. [16] Pietro was in France on business when Francis was born in Assisi, and Pica had him baptized as Giovanni. [17] Upon his return to Assisi, Pietro took to calling his son Francesco ( the Frenchman. possibly in honor of his commercial success and enthusiasm for all things French. [18] Since the child was renamed in infancy, the change can hardly have had anything to do with his aptitude for learning French, as some have thought. [2] The house where Francis of Assisi lived when young Indulged by his parents, Francis lived the high-spirited life typical of a wealthy young man. [14] As a youth, Francesco became a devotee of troubadours and was fascinated with all things Transalpine. [18] He was handsome, witty, gallant, and delighted in fine clothes. He spent money lavishly. [2] Although many hagiographers remark about his bright clothing, rich friends, and love of pleasures, 16] his displays of disillusionment toward the world that surrounded him came fairly early in his life, as is shown in the "story of the beggar. In this account, he was selling cloth and velvet in the marketplace on behalf of his father when a beggar came to him and asked for alms. At the conclusion of his business deal, Francis abandoned his wares and ran after the beggar. When he found him, Francis gave the man everything he had in his pockets. His friends quickly chided and mocked him for his act of charity. When he got home, his father scolded him in rage. [19] Around 1202, he joined a military expedition against Perugia and was taken as a prisoner at Collestrada, spending a year as a captive. [20] An illness caused him to re-evaluate his life. It is possible that his spiritual conversion was a gradual process rooted in this experience. Upon his return to Assisi in 1203, Francis returned to his carefree life. In 1205, Francis left for Apulia to enlist in the army of Walter III, Count of Brienne. A strange vision made him return to Assisi, having lost his taste for the worldly life. [14] According to hagiographic accounts, thereafter he began to avoid the sports and the feasts of his former companions. In response, they asked him laughingly whether he was thinking of marrying, to which he answered, Yes, a fairer bride than any of you have ever seen" meaning his "Lady Poverty. 2] Saint Francis Abandons His Father. Francis of Assisi breaking off his relationship with his father and renouncing his patrimony, laying aside publicly even the garments he had received from him. On a pilgrimage to Rome, he joined the poor in begging at St. Peter's Basilica. [14] He spent some time in lonely places, asking God for spiritual enlightenment. He said he had a mystical vision of Jesus Christ in the forsaken country chapel of San Damiano, just outside Assisi, in which the Icon of Christ Crucified said to him, Francis, Francis, go and repair My house which, as you can see, is falling into ruins. He took this to mean the ruined church in which he was presently praying, and so he sold some cloth from his father's store to assist the priest there for this purpose. [21] When the priest refused to accept the ill-gotten gains, an indignant Francis threw the coins on the floor. [2] In order to avoid his father's wrath, Francis hid in a cave near San Damiano for about a month. When he returned to town, hungry and dirty, he was dragged home by his father, beaten, bound, and locked in a small storeroom. Freed by his mother during Bernardone's absence, Francis returned at once to San Damiano, where he found shelter with the officiating priest, but he was soon cited before the city consuls by his father. The latter, not content with having recovered the scattered gold from San Damiano, sought also to force his son to forego his inheritance by way of restitution. In the midst of legal proceedings before the Bishop of Assisi, Francis renounced his father and his patrimony. [2] Some accounts report that he stripped himself naked in token of this renunciation, and the Bishop covered him with his own cloak. [22] 23] For the next couple of months, Francis wandered as a beggar in the hills behind Assisi. He spent some time at a neighbouring monastery working as a scullion. He then went to Gubbio, where a friend gave him, as an alms, the cloak, girdle, and staff of a pilgrim. Returning to Assisi, he traversed the city begging stones for the restoration of St. Damiano's. These he carried to the old chapel, set in place himself, and so at length rebuilt it. Over the course of two years, he embraced the life of a penitent, during which he restored several ruined chapels in the countryside around Assisi, among them San Pietro in Spina (in the area of San Petrignano in the valley about a kilometer from Rivotorto, today on private property and once again in ruin) and the Porziuncola, the little chapel of St. Mary of the Angels in the plain just below the town. [2] This later became his favorite abode. [21] By degrees he took to nursing lepers, in the lazar houses near Assisi. Founding of the Franciscan Orders [ edit] The Friars Minor [ edit] One morning in February 1208, Francis was hearing Mass in the chapel of St. Mary of the Angels, near which he had then built himself a hut. The Gospel of the day was the "Commissioning of the Twelve" from the Book of Matthew. The disciples are to go and proclaim that the Kingdom of God is at hand. Francis was inspired to devote himself to a life of poverty. Having obtained a coarse woolen tunic, the dress then worn by the poorest Umbrian peasants, he tied it around him with a knotted rope and went forth at once exhorting the people of the country-side to penance, brotherly love, and peace. Francis' preaching to ordinary people was unusual since he had no license to do so. [3] His example drew others to him. Within a year Francis had eleven followers. The brothers lived a simple life in the deserted lazar house of Rivo Torto near Assisi; but they spent much of their time wandering through the mountainous districts of Umbria, making a deep impression upon their hearers by their earnest exhortations. [2] In 1209 he composed a simple rule for his followers ( friars. the Regula primitiva or "Primitive Rule" which came from verses in the Bible. The rule was "To follow the teachings of our Lord Jesus Christ and to walk in his footsteps. He then led his first eleven followers to Rome to seek permission from Pope Innocent III to found a new religious Order. [24] Upon entry to Rome, the brothers encountered Bishop Guido of Assisi, who had in his company Giovanni di San Paolo, the Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. The Cardinal, who was the confessor of Pope Innocent III, was immediately sympathetic to Francis and agreed to represent Francis to the pope. Reluctantly, Pope Innocent agreed to meet with Francis and the brothers the next day. After several days, the pope agreed to admit the group informally, adding that when God increased the group in grace and number, they could return for an official admittance. The group was tonsured. [25] This was important in part because it recognized Church authority and prevented his following from possible accusations of heresy, as had happened to the Waldensians decades earlier. Though a number of the Pope's counselors considered the mode of life proposed by Francis as unsafe and impractical, following a dream in which he saw Francis holding up the Basilica of St. John Lateran (the cathedral of Rome, thus the 'home church' of all Christendom) he decided to endorse Francis' Order. This occurred, according to tradition, on 16 April 1210, and constituted the official founding of the Franciscan Order. [3] The group, then the "Lesser Brothers. Order of Friars Minor also known as the Franciscan Order or the Seraphic Order) were centered in the Porziuncola and preached first in Umbria, before expanding throughout Italy. [3] Francis chose never to be ordained a priest, although he was later ordained a deacon. [2] The Poor Clares and the Third Order [ edit] St. Clare is received by St. Francis, Josep Benlliure From then on, the new Order grew quickly with new vocations. Hearing Francis preaching in the church of San Rufino in Assisi in 1211, the young noblewoman Clare of Assisi became deeply touched by his message and realized her calling. Her cousin Rufino, the only male member of the family in their generation, was also attracted to the new Order, which he joined. On the night of Palm Sunday, 28 March 1212, Clare clandestinely left her family's palace. Francis received her at the Porziuncola and thereby established the Order of Poor Ladies. [26] This was an Order for women, and he gave Clare a religious habit, or garment, similar to his own, before lodging her in a nearby monastery of Benedictine nuns until he could provide a suitable retreat for her, and for her younger sister, Caterina, and the other young women who had joined her. Later he transferred them to San Damiano, 3] to a few small huts or cells of wattle, straw, and mud, and enclosed by a hedge. This became the first monastery of the Second Franciscan Order, now known as Poor Clares. [2] For those who could not leave their homes, he later formed the Third Order of Brothers and Sisters of Penance, a fraternity composed of either laity or clergy whose members neither withdrew from the world nor took religious vows. Instead, they observed the principles of Franciscan life in their daily lives. [3] Before long, this Third Order grew beyond Italy. The Third Order is now titled the Secular Franciscan Order. Travels [ edit] Determined to bring the Gospel to all peoples of the World and convert them, after the example of the first disciples of Jesus, Francis sought on several occasions to take his message out of Italy. In the late spring of 1212, he set out for Jerusalem, but was shipwrecked by a storm on the Dalmatian coast, forcing him to return to Italy. On 8 May 1213, he was given the use of the mountain of La Verna (Alverna) as a gift from Count Orlando di Chiusi, who described it as “eminently suitable for whoever wishes to do penance in a place remote from mankind”. [27] The mountain would become one of his favourite retreats for prayer. [28] In the same year, Francis sailed for Morocco, but this time an illness forced him to break off his journey in Spain. Back in Assisi, several noblemen (among them Tommaso da Celano, who would later write the biography of St. Francis) and some well-educated men joined his Order. In 1215, Francis may have gone to Rome for the Fourth Lateran Council, but that is not certain. During this time, he probably met a canon, Dominic de Guzman [6] later to be Saint Dominic, the founder of the Friars Preachers, another Catholic religious order. In 1217, he offered to go to France. Cardinal Ugolino of Segni (the future Pope Gregory IX) an early and important supporter of Francis, advised him against this and said that he was still needed in Italy. In 1219, accompanied by another friar and hoping to convert the Sultan of Egypt or win martyrdom in the attempt, Francis went to Egypt during the Fifth Crusade where a Crusader army had been encamped for over a year besieging the walled city of Damietta two miles (3. 2 kilometres) upstream from the mouth of one of the main channels of the Nile. The Sultan, al-Kamil, a nephew of Saladin, had succeeded his father as Sultan of Egypt in 1218 and was encamped upstream of Damietta, unable to relieve it. A bloody and futile attack on the city was launched by the Christians on 29 August 1219, following which both sides agreed to a ceasefire which lasted four weeks. [29] It was most probably during this interlude that Francis and his companion crossed the Muslims' lines and were brought before the Sultan, remaining in his camp for a few days. [30] The visit is reported in contemporary Crusader sources and in the earliest biographies of Francis, but they give no information about what transpired during the encounter beyond noting that the Sultan received Francis graciously and that Francis preached to the Muslims without effect, returning unharmed to the Crusader camp. [31] No contemporary Arab source mentions the visit. [32] One detail, added by Bonaventure in the official life of Francis (written forty years after the event) has Francis offering to challenge the Sultan's "priests" to trial-by-fire in order to prove the veracity of the Christian Gospel. Such an incident is alluded to in a scene in the late 13th-century fresco cycle, attributed to Giotto, in the upper basilica at Assisi. [33] It has been suggested that the winged figures atop the columns piercing the roof of the building on the left of the scene are not idols (as Erwin Panofsky had proposed) but are part of the secular iconography of the sultan, affirming his worldly power which, as the scene demonstrates, is limited even as regards his own "priests" who shun the challenge. [34] 35] Although Bonaventure asserts that the sultan refused to permit the challenge, subsequent biographies went further, claiming that a fire was actually kindled which Francis unhesitatingly entered without suffering burns. The scene in the fresco adopts a position midway between the two extremes. Since the idea was put forward by the German art historian, Friedrich Rintelen in 1912, 36] many scholars have expressed doubt that Giotto was the author of the Upper Church frescoes. According to some late sources, the Sultan gave Francis permission to visit the sacred places in the Holy Land and even to preach there. All that can safely be asserted is that Francis and his companion left the Crusader camp for Acre, from where they embarked for Italy in the latter half of 1220. Drawing on a 1267 sermon by Bonaventure, later sources report that the Sultan secretly converted or accepted a death-bed baptism as a result of the encounter with Francis. [37] The Franciscan Order has been present in the Holy Land almost uninterruptedly since 1217 when Brother Elias arrived at Acre. It received concessions from the Mameluke Sultan in 1333 with regard to certain Holy Places in Jerusalem and Bethlehem, and (so far as concerns the Catholic Church) jurisdictional privileges from Pope Clement VI in 1342. [38] Reorganization of the Franciscan Order [ edit] By this time, the growing Order of friars was divided into provinces and groups were sent to France, Germany, Hungary, and Spain and to the East. Upon receiving a report of the martyrdom of five brothers in Morocco, Francis returned to Italy via Venice. [39] Cardinal Ugolino di Conti was then nominated by the Pope as the protector of the Order. Another reason for Francis' return to Italy was that the Franciscan Order had grown at an unprecedented rate compared to previous religious orders, but its organizational sophistication had not kept up with this growth and had little more to govern it than Francis' example and simple rule. To address this problem, Francis prepared a new and more detailed Rule, the "First Rule" or "Rule Without a Papal Bull. Regula prima, Regula non bullata) which again asserted devotion to poverty and the apostolic life. However, it also introduced greater institutional structure, though this was never officially endorsed by the pope. [3] On 29 September 1220, Francis handed over the governance of the Order to Brother Peter Catani at the Porziuncola, but Brother Peter died only five months later, on 10 March 1221, and was buried there. When numerous miracles were attributed to the deceased brother, people started to flock to the Porziuncola, disturbing the daily life of the Franciscans. Francis then prayed, asking Peter to stop the miracles and to obey in death as he had obeyed during his life. The reports of miracles ceased. Brother Peter was succeeded by Brother Elias as Vicar of Francis. Two years later, Francis modified the "First Rule" creating the "Second Rule" or "Rule With a Bull" which was approved by Pope Honorius III on 29 November 1223. As the official Rule of the Order, it called on the friars "to observe the Holy Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, living in obedience without anything of our own and in chastity. In addition, it set regulations for discipline, preaching, and entry into the Order. Once the Rule was endorsed by the Pope, Francis withdrew increasingly from external affairs. [3] During 1221 and 1222, Francis crossed Italy, first as far south as Catania in Sicily and afterwards as far north as Bologna. Stigmata, final days, and Sainthood [ edit] While he was praying on the mountain of Verna, during a forty-day fast in preparation for Michaelmas (29 September) Francis is said to have had a vision on or about 14 September 1224, the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross, as a result of which he received the stigmata. Brother Leo, who had been with Francis at the time, left a clear and simple account of the event, the first definite account of the phenomenon of stigmata. "Suddenly he saw a vision of a seraph, a six-winged angel on a cross. This angel gave him the gift of the five wounds of Christ. 42] Suffering from these stigmata and from trachoma, Francis received care in several cities ( Siena, Cortona, Nocera) to no avail. In the end, he was brought back to a hut next to the Porziuncola. Here, in the place where the Franciscan movement began, and feeling that the end of his life was approaching, he spent his last days dictating his spiritual testament. He died on the evening of Saturday, 3 October 1226, singing Psalm 142 (141. Voce mea ad Dominum. On 16 July 1228, he was pronounced a saint by Pope Gregory IX (the former cardinal Ugolino di Conti, friend of Saint Francis and Cardinal Protector of the Order. The next day, the Pope laid the foundation stone for the Basilica of Saint Francis in Assisi. Francis was buried on 25 May 1230, under the Lower Basilica, but his tomb was soon hidden on orders of Brother Elias to protect it from Saracen invaders. His exact burial place remained unknown until it was re-discovered in 1818. Pasquale Belli then constructed for the remains a crypt in neo-classical style in the Lower Basilica. It was refashioned between 1927 and 1930 into its present form by Ugo Tarchi, stripping the wall of its marble decorations. In 1978, the remains of Saint Francis were examined and confirmed by a commission of scholars appointed by Pope Paul VI, and put into a glass urn in the ancient stone tomb. Character and legacy [ edit] Francis set out to imitate Christ and literally carry out his work. This is important in understanding Francis' character, his affinity for the Eucharist and respect for the priests who carried out the sacrament. [3] He preached: Your God is of your flesh, He lives in your nearest neighbor, in every man. 43] He and his followers celebrated and even venerated poverty, which was so central to his character that in his last written work, the Testament, he said that absolute personal and corporate poverty was the essential lifestyle for the members of his order. [3] He believed that nature itself was the mirror of God. He called all creatures his "brothers" and "sisters" and even preached to the birds [44] 45] and supposedly persuaded a wolf in Gubbio to stop attacking some locals if they agreed to feed the wolf. In his Canticle of the Creatures ( Praises of Creatures" or " Canticle of the Sun. he mentioned the "Brother Sun" and "Sister Moon" the wind and water. His deep sense of brotherhood under God embraced others, and he declared that "he considered himself no friend of Christ if he did not cherish those for whom Christ died. 3] Francis' visit to Egypt and attempted rapprochement with the Muslim world had far-reaching consequences, long past his own death, since after the fall of the Crusader Kingdom, it would be the Franciscans, of all Catholics, who would be allowed to stay on in the Holy Land and be recognized as " Custodians of the Holy Land " on behalf of the Catholic Church. At Greccio near Assisi, around 1220, Francis celebrated Christmas by setting up the first known presepio or crèche ( Nativity scene. 46] His nativity imagery reflected the scene in traditional paintings. He used real animals to create a living scene so that the worshipers could contemplate the birth of the child Jesus in a direct way, making use of the senses, especially sight. [46] Both Thomas of Celano and Saint Bonaventure, biographers of Saint Francis, tell how he used only a straw-filled manger (feeding trough) set between a real ox and donkey. [46] According to Thomas, it was beautiful in its simplicity, with the manger acting as the altar for the Christmas Mass. Nature and the environment [ edit] Francis preached the Christian doctrine that the world was created good and beautiful by God but suffers a need for redemption because of human sin. He believed that all creatures should praise God (a common theme in the Psalms) and the people have a duty to protect and enjoy nature as both the stewards of God's creation and as creatures ourselves. [44] Many of the stories that surround the life of Saint Francis say that he had a great love for animals and the environment. [44] A garden statue of Francis of Assisi with birds An incident illustrating the Saint's humility towards nature is recounted in the "Fioretti. Little Flowers. a collection of legends and folklore that sprang up after the Saint's death. One day, while Francis was traveling with some companions, they happened upon a place in the road where birds filled the trees on either side. Francis told his companions to "wait for me while I go to preach to my sisters the birds. 44] The birds surrounded him, intrigued by the power of his voice, and not one of them flew away. He is often portrayed with a bird, typically in his hand. Another legend from the Fioretti tells that in the city of Gubbio, where Francis lived for some time, was a wolf "terrifying and ferocious, who devoured men as well as animals. Francis had compassion upon the townsfolk, and so he went up into the hills to find the wolf. Soon, fear of the animal had caused all his companions to flee, though the saint pressed on. When he found the wolf, he made the sign of the cross and commanded the wolf to come to him and hurt no one. Miraculously the wolf closed his jaws and lay down at Francis' feet. "Brother Wolf, you do much harm in these parts and you have done great evil" said Francis. "All these people accuse you and curse you. But brother wolf, I would like to make peace between you and the people. Then Francis led the wolf into the town, and surrounded by startled citizens made a pact between them and the wolf. Because the wolf had “done evil out of hunger, the townsfolk were to feed the wolf regularly. In return, the wolf would no longer prey upon them or their flocks. In this manner Gubbio was freed from the menace of the predator. Francis even made a pact on behalf of the town dogs, that they would not bother the wolf again. Finally, to show the townspeople that they would not be harmed, Francis blessed the wolf. Three-quarters of a millennium after his death, St Francis remains an important figure and symbol in and out of Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches. On 29 November 1979, Pope John Paul II declared Saint Francis the Patron Saint of Ecology. [47] During the World Environment Day 1982, John Paul II said that Saint Francis' love and care for creation was a challenge for contemporary Catholics and a reminder "not to behave like dissident predators where nature is concerned, but to assume responsibility for it, taking all care so that everything stays healthy and integrated, so as to offer a welcoming and friendly environment even to those who succeed us. The same Pope wrote on the occasion of the World Day of Peace, 1 January 1990, the saint of Assisi "offers Christians an example of genuine and deep respect for the integrity of creation. He went on to make the point that: As a friend of the poor who was loved by God's creatures, Saint Francis invited all of creation – animals, plants, natural forces, even Brother Sun and Sister Moon – to give honor and praise to the Lord. The poor man of Assisi gives us striking witness that when we are at peace with God we are better able to devote ourselves to building up that peace with all creation which is inseparable from peace among all peoples. 48] Pope John Paul II concluded that section of the document with these words, It is my hope that the inspiration of Saint Francis will help us to keep ever alive a sense of 'fraternity' with all those good and beautiful things which Almighty God has created. " Feast day [ edit] Francis' last resting place at Assisi A relic of Francis of Assisi Saint Francis' feast day is observed on 4 October. A secondary feast in honor of the stigmata received by Saint Francis, celebrated on 17 September, was inserted in the General Roman Calendar in 1585 (later than the Tridentine Calendar) and suppressed in 1604, but was restored in 1615. In the New Roman Missal of 1969, it was removed again from the General Calendar, as something of a duplication of the main feast on 4 October, and left to the calendars of certain localities and of the Franciscan Order. [49] Wherever the traditional Roman Missal is used, however, the feast of the Stigmata remains in the General Calendar. On 18 June 1939, Pope Pius XII named Francis a joint Patron Saint of Italy along with Saint Catherine of Siena with the apostolic letter "Licet Commissa. 50] Pope Pius also mentioned the two saints in the laudative discourse he pronounced on 5 May 1949, in the Church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva. Saint Francis is honored in the Church of England, the Anglican Church of Canada, the Episcopal Church USA, the Old Catholic Churches, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, and other churches and religious communities on 4 October. Papal name [ edit] On 13 March 2013, upon his election as Pope, Archbishop and Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina chose Francis as his papal name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi, becoming Pope Francis. [51] At his first audience on 16 March 2013, Pope Francis told journalists that he had chosen the name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi, and had done so because he was especially concerned for the well-being of the poor. [52] 53] 54] He explained that, as it was becoming clear during the conclave voting that he would be elected the new bishop of Rome, the Brazilian Cardinal Cláudio Hummes had embraced him and whispered, Don't forget the poor" which had made Bergoglio think of the saint. [55] 56] Bergoglio had previously expressed his admiration for St. Francis, explaining that “He brought to Christianity an idea of poverty against the luxury, pride, vanity of the civil and ecclesiastical powers of the time. He changed history. 57] Bergoglio's selection of his papal name is the first time that a pope has been named Francis. [a] Patronage [ edit] St. Francis is the patron of animals, merchants, and ecology. [9] He is also considered the patron saint against dying alone; patron saint against fire; patron saint of the Franciscan Order and Catholic Action; patron saint of families, peace, and needle workers. He is the patron saint of many dioceses and other locations around the world, including: Italy; San Pawl il-Bahar, Malta; Freising, Germany; Lancaster, England; Kottapuram, India; San Francisco de Malabon, Philippines (General Trias City) San Francisco, California; Santa Fe, New Mexico; Colorado; Salina, Kansas; Metuchen, New Jersey; and Quibdó, Colombia. [59. unreliable source] Outside Catholicism [ edit] Protestantism [ edit] Emerging since the 19th century, there are several Protestant adherents and groups, sometimes organised as religious orders, which strive to adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of Saint Francis. The 20th century High Church Movement gave birth to Franciscan inspired orders among revival of religious orders in Protestant Christianity. One of the results of the Oxford Movement in the Anglican Church during the 19th century was the re-establishment of religious orders, including some of Franciscan inspiration. The principal Anglican communities in the Franciscan tradition are the Community of St. Francis (women, founded 1905) the Poor Clares of Reparation (P. C. R. the Society of Saint Francis (men, founded 1934) and the Community of St. Clare (women, enclosed. A U. S. -founded order within the Anglican world communion is the Seattle-founded order of Clares in Seattle (Diocese of Olympia) The Little Sisters of St. Clare. [60] There are also some small Franciscan communities within European Protestantism and the Old Catholic Church. [61] There are some Franciscan orders in Lutheran Churches, including the Order of Lutheran Franciscans, the Evangelical Sisterhood of Mary, and the Evangelische Kanaan Franziskus-Bruderschaft (Kanaan Franciscan Brothers. In addition, there are associations of Franciscan inspiration not connected with a mainstream Christian tradition and describing themselves as ecumenical or dispersed. The Anglican church retained the Catholic tradition of blessing animals on or near Francis' feast day of 4 October, and more recently Lutheran and other Protestant churches have adopted the practice. [62] Orthodox churches [ edit] St Francis' feast is celebrated at New Skete, an Orthodox Christian monastic community in Cambridge, New York. [63] Other faiths [ edit] Outside of Christianity, other individuals and movements are influenced by the example and teachings of Saint Francis. These include the popular philosopher Eckhart Tolle, who has made videos on the spirituality of Saint Francis. [64] The interfaith spiritual community of Skanda Vale also takes inspiration from the example of Saint Francis, and models itself as an interfaith Franciscan order. [65] St Francis' Way [ edit] In 2019, the Umbria tourist board was continuing the process of refurbishing the route from Florence to Rome that Francis is believed to have used. Called the Via di Francesco or Cammino di Francesco, the 550 kilometer St Francis Way "pilgrimage route" is intended for travel on foot or by bicycle. [66] 67] 68] Main writings [ edit] Canticum Fratris Solis or Laudes Creaturarum; Canticle of the Sun. Prayer before the Crucifix, 1205 (extant in the original Umbrian dialect as well as in a contemporary Latin translation) Regula non bullata, the Earlier Rule, 1221; Regula bullata, the Later Rule, 1223; Testament, 1226; Admonitions. For a complete list, see The Franciscan Experience. [69] Saint Francis is considered the first Italian poet by literary critics. [70] He believed commoners should be able to pray to God in their own language, and he wrote often in the dialect of Umbria instead of Latin. His writings are considered to have great literary and religious value. [71] The anonymous 20th-century prayer " Make Me an Instrument of Your Peace " is widely but erroneously attributed to Saint Francis. [72] 73] In art [ edit] The Franciscan Order promoted devotion to the life of Saint Francis from his canonization onwards, and commissioned large numbers of works for Franciscan churches, either showing Saint Francis with sacred figures, or episodes from his life. There are large early fresco cycles in the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, parts of which are shown above. Francis of Assisi in art St. Francis and scenes from his life, 13th century Saint Francis of Assisi in Ecstasy by Jusepe de Ribera, 1639) Francis of Assisi visiting his convent while far away, in a chariot of fire, José Benlliure y Gil (1855–1937) Media [ edit] Basilica of Saint Francis, Assisi Statue of Saint Francis in front of the Catholic church of Chania. Films [ edit] The Flowers of St. Francis, a 1950 film directed by Roberto Rossellini and co-written by Federico Fellini Francis of Assisi, a 1961 film directed by Michael Curtiz, based on the novel The Joyful Beggar by Louis de Wohl Francis of Assisi, a 1966 film directed by Liliana Cavani Uccellacci e uccellini ( The Hawks and the Sparrows) a 1966 film directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini Brother Sun, Sister Moon, a 1972 film by Franco Zeffirelli Francesco, a 1989 film by Liliana Cavani, contemplatively paced, follows Francis of Assisi's evolution from rich man's son to religious humanitarian, and eventually to a full-fledged self-tortured saint. Saint Francis is played by Mickey Rourke, and the woman who later became Saint Clare, is played by Helena Bonham Carter St. Francis, a 2002 film directed by Michele Soavi, starring Raoul Bova and Amélie Daure Clare and Francis, a 2007 film directed by Fabrizio Costa, starring Mary Petruolo and Ettore Bassi Pranchiyettan and the Saint, a 2010 satirical Indian Malayalam film Finding Saint Francis, a 2014 film directed by Paul Alexander L'ami – François d'Assise et ses frères, a 2016 film directed by Renaud Fely and Arnaud Louvet, starring Elio Germano The Sultan and the Saint, a 2016 film directed by Alexander Kronemer, starring Alexander McPherson In Search of Saint Francis of Assisi, 74] documentary featuring Franciscan monks and others Music [ edit] Franz Liszt: Cantico del sol di Francesco d'Assisi, S. 4 (sacred choral work, 1862, 1880–81; versions of the Prelude for piano, S. 498c, 499, 499a; version of the Prelude for organ, S. 665, 760; version of the Hosannah for organ and bass trombone, S. 677) St. François d'Assise: La Prédication aux oiseaux, No. 1 of Deux Légendes, S. 175 (piano, 1862–63) William Henry Draper: All Creatures of Our God and King (hymn paraphrase of Canticle of the Sun, published 1919) Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco: Fioretti (voice and orchestra, 1920) Gian Francesco Malipiero: San Francesco d'Assisi (soloists, chorus and orchestra, 1920–21) Hermann Suter: Le Laudi (The Praises) or Le Laudi di San Francesco d'Assisi, based on the Canticle of the Sun. oratorio, 1923) Amy Beach: Canticle of the Sun (soloists, chorus and orchestra, 1928) Paul Hindemith: Nobilissima Visione (ballet 1938) Leo Sowerby: Canticle of the Sun (cantata for mixed voices with accompaniment for piano or orchestra, 1944) Francis Poulenc: Quatre petites prières de saint François dAssise (men's chorus, 1948) Seth Bingham: The Canticle of the Sun (cantata for chorus of mixed voices with soli ad lib. and accompaniment for organ or orchestra, 1949) William Walton: Cantico del sol (chorus, 1973–74) Olivier Messiaen: Saint François d'Assise (opera, 1975–83) Juliusz Łuciuk  [ pl] Święty Franciszek z Asyżu (oratorio for soprano, tenor, baritone, mixed chorus and orchestra, 1976) Peter Janssens: Franz von Assisi, Musikspiel (Musical play, text: Wilhelm Wilms, 1978) Michele Paulicelli: Forza venite gente  [ it] musical theater, 1981) Karlheinz Stockhausen: Luzifers Abschied (1982) scene 4 of the opera Samstag aus Licht Libby Larsen: I Will Sing and Raise a Psalm (SATB chorus and organ, 1995) Sofia Gubaidulina: Sonnengesang (solo cello, chamber choir and percussion, 1997) Juventude Franciscana  [ pt] Balada de Francisco (voices accompanied by guitar, 1999) Angelo Branduardi: L'infinitamente piccolo (album, 2000) Lewis Nielson: St. Francis Preaches to the Birds (chamber concerto for violin, 2005) Peter Reulein (composer. Helmut Schlegel (libretto) Laudato si. oratorio, 2016) Books [ edit] Part of a series on Christian mysticism Theology  Philosophy Apophatic Ascetical Cataphatic Catholic spirituality Hellenistic Mystical theology Neoplatonic Henosis Practices Monasticism Asceticism Spiritual direction Meditation Lectio Divina Invoking of Mystic Saints Active asceticism Contemplation Hesychasm Jesus prayer Quietism Stages of Christian perfection Divinization Catharsis Theosis Kenosis Spiritual dryness Religious ecstasy Passive asceticism Abstinence People (by era or century) Antiquity Ancient African Origen Gregory of Nyssa Pseudo-Dionysius Desert Fathers Paul of Thebes Anthony the Great Arsenius the Great Poemen Macarius of Egypt Moses the Black Syncletica Athanasius John Chrysostom Hilarion John Cassian 11th  12th Bernard of Clairvaux Guigo II Hildegard of Bingen Symeon the New Theologian 13th  14th Dominican Dominic de Guzmán Franciscan Francis of Assisi Anthony of Padua Bonaventure Jacopone da Todi Angela of Foligno English Richard Rolle Walter Hilton Julian of Norwich Margery Kempe Flemish Hadewijch Beatrice of Nazareth Lutgardis John of Ruysbroeck German Meister Eckhart Johannes Tauler Henry Suso Female Bridget of Sweden Catherine of Siena Mechthild of Magdeburg Marguerite Porete 15th  16th Spanish Ignatius of Loyola Francisco de Osuna John of Ávila Teresa of Ávila John of the Cross Others Catherine of Genoa 17th  18th French Margaret Mary Alacoque Pierre de Bérulle Jean-Jacques Olier Louis de Montfort Charles de Condren John Eudes John of St. Samson María de Ágreda Anne Catherine Emmerich Veronica Giuliani Francis de Sales 19th Dina Bélanger Catherine Labouré Mélanie Calvat Maximin Giraud Bernadette Soubirous Conchita de Armida Luisa Piccarreta Mary of the Divine Heart Thérèse of Lisieux Gemma Galgani 20th Padre Pio Therese Neumann Marthe Robin Alexandrina of Balazar Faustina Kowalska Berthe Petit Sister Lúcia of Fátima Edgar Cayce Simone Weil Alfred Delp Thomas Merton Charles de Foucauld Edvige Carboni Elena Aiello Contemporary papal views Aspects of meditation ( Orationis Formas, 1989) Reflection on the New Age (2003) Literature  Media Lingua Ignota Ordo Virtutum Scivias Ascent of Mount Carmel Dark Night of the Soul Spiritual Canticle Way of Perfection Book of the First Monks The Interior Castle Abbey of the Holy Ghost A Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation Diary: Divine Mercy in My Soul From Willow Creek to Sacred Heart The Glories of Mary The Imitation of Christ The Ladder of Divine Ascent Philokalia Revelations of Divine Love The Story of a Soul Theologia Germanica Devotio Moderna The Miracle of Our Lady of Fatima Sol de Fátima The Cloud of Unknowing The Consolation of Philosophy The Mirror of Simple Souls Sister Catherine Treatise Tractatus de Purgatorio Sancti Patricii The Vision of Adamnán Divine Comedy Inferno Purgatorio Paradiso v t e Francis of Assisi, The Little Flowers (Fioretti) London, 2012. ISBN   978-1-78336-013-0 Saint Francis of Assisi, written and illustrated by Demi, Wisdom Tales, 2012, ISBN   978-1-937786-04-5 Francis of Assisi: A New Biography, by Augustine Thompson, O. P., Cornell University Press, 2012, ISBN   978-080145-070-9 Francis of Assisi in the Sources and Writings, by Robert Rusconi and translated by Nancy Celaschi, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2008. ISBN   978-1-57659-152-9 The Complete Francis of Assisi: His Life, The Complete Writings, and The Little Flowers, ed. and trans. Jon M. Sweeney, Paraclete Press, 2015, ISBN   978-1-61261-688-9 The Stigmata of Francis of Assisi, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2006. ISBN   978-1-57659-140-6 Francis of Assisi – The Message in His Writings, by Thaddee Matura, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1997. ISBN   978-1-57659-127-7 Saint Francis of Assisi, by John R. H. Moorman, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1987. ISBN   978-0-8199-0904-6 First Encounter with Francis of Assisi, by Damien Vorreux and translated by Paul LaChance, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1979. ISBN   978-0-8199-0698-4 St. Francis of Assisi, by Raoul Manselli, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1985. ISBN   978-0-8199-0880-3 Saint Francis of Assisi, by Thomas of Celano and translated by Placid Hermann, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1988. ISBN   978-0-8199-0554-3 Francis the Incomparable Saint, by Joseph Lortz, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1986, ISBN   978-1-57659-067-6 Respectfully Yours: Signed and Sealed, Francis of Assisi, by Edith van den Goorbergh and Theodore Zweerman, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2001. ISBN   978-1-57659-178-9 The Admonitions of St. Francis: Sources and Meanings, by Robert J. Karris, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1999. ISBN   978-1-57659-166-6 We Saw Brother Francis, by Francis de Beer, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1983. ISBN   978-0-8199-0803-2 Sant Francesc (Saint Francis, 1895) a book of forty-three Saint Francis poems by Catalan poet-priest Jacint Verdaguer, three of which are included in English translation in Selected Poems of Jacint Verdaguer: A Bilingual Edition, edited and translated by Ronald Puppo, with an introduction by Ramon Pinyol i Torrents (University of Chicago, 2007. The three poems are "The Turtledoves. Preaching to Birds" and "The Pilgrim. Saint Francis of Assisi (1923) a book by G. K. Chesterton Blessed Are The Meek (1944. a book by Zofia Kossak Saint Francis of Assisi a Doubleday Image Book translated by T. O'Conor Sloane, Ph. D., LL. D. in 1955 from the Danish original researched and written by Johannes Jorgensen and published in 1912 by Longmans, Green and Company, Inc. Saint Francis of Assisi (God's Pauper) 1962) a novel by Nikos Kazantzakis Scripta Leonis, Rufini Et Angeli Sociorum S. Francisci: The Writings of Leo, Rufino and Angelo Companions of St. Francis (1970) edited by Rosalind B. Brooke, in Latin and English, containing testimony recorded by intimate, long-time companions of Saint Francis Saint Francis and His Four Ladies (1970) a book by Joan Mowat Erikson The Life and Words of St. Francis of Assisi (1973) by Ira Peck The Life of Saint Francis of Assisi (1996) a book by Patricia Stewart Reluctant Saint: The Life of Francis of Assisi (2002) a book by Donald Spoto Flowers for St. Francis (2005) a book by Raj Arumugam Chasing Francis, 2006, a book by Ian Cron John Tolan, St. Francis and the Sultan: The Curious History of a Christian-Muslim Encounter. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Vita di un uomo: Francesco d'Assisi (1995) a book by Chiara Frugoni, preface by Jacques Le Goff, Torino: Einaudi. Francis, Brother of the Universe (1982) a 48-page comic book by Marvel Comics on the life of Saint Francis of Assisi written by Father Roy Gasnik O. and Mary Jo Duffy, artwork by John Buscema and Marie Severin, lettering by Jim Novak and edited by Jim Shooter. Other [ edit] Part of a series on Eucharistic adoration of the Catholic Church Solar monstrance of the Eucharist Papal documents Mirae caritatis Dominicae cenae Mysterium fidei Mediator Dei Ecclesia de Eucharistia Organisations and events Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament Servants of the Blessed Sacrament Perpetual Adorers Tabernacle Societies Eucharistic congress Notable individuals Peter Julian Eymard John Vianney Marie Tamisier Leo Dupont Fulton J. Sheen Mary Therese Vicente Eucharistic meditators Maria Candida Maria Valtorta Catholicism portal v t e In Rubén Darío 's poem Los Motivos Del Lobo (The Reasons Of The Wolf) St. Francis tames a terrible wolf only to discover that the human heart harbors darker desires than those of the beast. In Fyodor Dostoyevsky 's The Brothers Karamazov, Ivan Karamazov invokes the name of 'Pater Seraphicus. an epithet applied to St. Francis, to describe Alyosha's spiritual guide Zosima. The reference is found in Goethe's "Faust" Part 2, Act 5, lines 11918–25. [75] In Mont Saint Michel and Chartres, Henry Adams ' chapter on the "Mystics" discusses Francis extensively. Francesco's Friendly World was a 1996–97 direct-to-video Christian animated series produced by Lyrick Studios that was about Francesco and his talking animal friends as they rebuild the Church of San Damiano. [76] Rich Mullins co-wrote Canticle of the Plains, a musical, with Mitch McVicker. Released in 1997, it was based on the life of Saint Francis of Assisi, but told as a western story. Bernard Malamud 's novel The Assistant (1957) features a protagonist, Frank Alpine, who exemplifies the life of Saint Francis in mid-20th-century Brooklyn, New York City. See also [ edit] Pardon of Assisi Fraticelli Society of Saint Francis Saint Juniper, one of Francis' original followers St. Benedict's Cave, which contains a portrait of Francis made during his lifetime Saint-François d'Assise, an opera by Olivier Messiaen Saint-François (disambiguation) places named after Francis of Assisi in French-speaking countries) List of places named after Saint Francis Saint Francis of Assisi, patron saint archive Blessing of animals Prayers Canticle of the Sun, a prayer by Saint Francis Prayer of Saint Francis, a prayer often misattributed to Saint Francis Notes [ edit] On the day of his election, the Vatican clarified that his official papal name was "Francis" not "Francis I. A Vatican spokesman said that the name would become Francis I if and when there is a Francis II. [53] 58] References [ edit] Brooke, Rosalind B. The Image of St Francis: Responses to Sainthood in the Thirteenth Century (Cambridge University Press, 2006) pp. 161–62. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l   Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913. St. Francis of Assisi. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Brady, Ignatius Charles. Saint Francis of Assisi. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. ^ Holy Men and Holy Women" PDF... ^ Notable Lutheran Saints... ^ a b Chesterton (1924) p. 126 ^ a b "Saint Francis of Assisi, Biography, Facts, Feast Day. Legacy. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 March 2019. ^ The Patron Saint of Animals and Ecology. Earth Day Network. 6 October 2016. Retrieved 20 March 2019. ^ a b Media, Franciscan (4 October 2016. Saint Francis of Assisi. Franciscan Media. Retrieved 20 March 2019. ^ Tolan, John (2009. St. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   9780199239726. ^ St. Francis of Assisi – Franciscan Friars of the Renewal. Retrieved 24 October 2012. ^ The Christmas scenes made by Saint Francis at the time were not inanimate objects, but live ones, later commercialised into inanimate representations of the Blessed Lord and His parents. ^   Herbermann, Charles, ed. "Christmas. New York: Robert Appleton Company. ^ a b c d Cross, F. L., ed. (2005. Francis of Assisi. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN   0199566712. ^ Cross, F. "Stigmatization. ISBN   0199566712. ^ a b Englebert, Omer (1951. The Lives of the Saints. New York: Barnes & Noble. p.  529. ISBN   978-1-56619-516-4. ^ Dagger, Jacob (November–December 2006. Blessing All Creatures, Great and Small. Duke Magazine. Retrieved 1 December 2019. ^ a b Chesterton, Gilbert Keith (1924. Francis of Assisi" 14 ed. Garden City, New York: Image Books: 158. ^ Chesterton (1924) pp. 40–41 ^ St. Bonaventure; Cardinal Manning (1867. The Life of St. Francis of Assisi (from the Legenda Sancti Francisci) 1988 ed. Rockford, Illinois: TAN Books & Publishers. p. 190. ISBN   978-0-89555-343-0. ^ a b Chesterton (1924) pp. 54–56 ^ de la Riva, Fr. John (2011. Life of St. Francis. Francis of Assisi National Shrine. Retrieved 11 June 2019. ^ Kiefer, James E. (1999. Francis of Assisi, Friar. Biographical sketches of memorable Christians of the past. Retrieved 11 June 2019. ^ Chesterton (1924) pp. 107–108 ^ Galli(2002) pp. 74–80 ^ Chesterton (1924) pp. 110–111 ^ Fioretti quoted in: St. Francis, The Little Flowers, Legends, and Lauds, trans. N. Wydenbruck, ed. Otto Karrer (London: Sheed and Ward, 1979) 244. ^ Chesterton (1924) p. 130 ^ Runciman, Steven. History of the Crusades, vol. 3: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades, Cambridge University Press (1951, paperback 1987) pp. 151–161. ^ Tolan, pp. 4f. ^ e. g., Jacques de Vitry, Letter 6 of February or March 1220 and Historia orientalis (c. 1223–1225) cap. XXII; Tommaso da Celano, Vita prima (1228) §57: the relevant passages are quoted in an English translation in Tolan, pp. 19f. and 54 respectively. ^ Tolan, p. 5 ^ e. g., Chesterton, Saint Francis, Hodder & Stoughton (1924) chapter 8. Tolan (p. 126) discusses the incident as recounted by Bonaventure, an incident which does not extend to a fire actually being lit. ^ Péter Bokody, Idolatry or Power: St. Francis in Front of the Sultan" in: Promoting the Saints: Cults and Their Contexts from Late Antiquity until the Early Modern Period, ed. Ottó Gecser and others (Budapest: CEU Press, 2010) 69–81, esp. at pp. 74 and 76–78. The views of Panofsky (idols: see Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art, New York 1972, p. 148, n. 3) and Tolan (undecided: p. 143) are cited at p. 73. ^ Bonaventure, Legenda major (1260–1263) cap. IX §7–9, criticized by, e. g., Sabatier, La Vie de St. François d'Assise (1894) chapter 13, and Paul Moses, The Saint and the Sultan: The Crusades, Islam, and Francis of Assisi's Mission of Peace, Doubleday Religion (2009) excerpted in a restricted-view article in Commonwealth magazine, 25 September 2009 "Mission improbable: St. Francis & the Sultan" accessed 4 April 2015 ^ Friedrich Rintelen, Giotto und die Giotto-apokryphen, 1912) For grants of various permissions and privileges to Francis as attributed by later sources, see, e. g., Tolan, pp. 258–263. The first mention of the Sultan's conversion occurs in a sermon delivered by Bonaventure on 4 October 1267. See Tolan, pp. 168 ^ Bulla Gratias agimus, commemorated by Pope John Paul II in a Letter dated 30 November 1992. See also Tolan, p. 258. On the Franciscan presence, including an historical overview, see, generally the official website at Custodia and Custodian of the Holy Land ^ Bonaventure (1867) p. 162 ^ Le Goff, Jacques. Saint Francis of Assisi, 2003 ISBN   0-415-28473-2 page 44 ^ Miles, Margaret Ruth. The Word made flesh: a history of Christian thought, 2004 ISBN   978-1-4051-0846-1 pages 160–161 ^ Chesterton (1924) p. 131 ^ Eimerl, Sarel (1967. The World of Giotto: c. 1267–1337. et al. Time-Life Books. p.  15. ISBN   0-900658-15-0. ^ a b c d Bonaventure (1867) pp. 78–85 ^ Ugolino Brunforte (Brother Ugolino) 1958. The Little Flowers of St. Francis of Assisi. Calvin College: CCEL. ISBN   978-1-61025212-6. Quote. ^ a b c Bonaventure (1867) p. 178 ^ Pope John Paul II (29 November 1979. Inter Sanctos (Apostolic Letter AAS 71. PDF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2014. ^ Pope John Paul II (8 December 1989. World Day of Peace 1990. Retrieved 24 October 2012. ^ Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana) p. 139 ^ Pope Pius XII (18 June 1939. Licet Commissa" Apostolic Letter AAS 31, pp. 256–257) Pope Francis (16 March 2013. Audience to Representatives of the Communications Media. Retrieved 9 August 2014. ^ Pope Francis explains decision to take St Francis of Assisi's name. The Guardian. London. 16 March 2013. Archived from the original on 17 March 2013. ^ a b "New Pope Fra[n]cis visits St. Mary Major, collects suitcases and pays bill at hotel. 14 March 2013. Archived from the original on 17 March 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2017. ^ Michael Martinez, CNN Vatican analyst: Pope Francis' name choice 'precedent shattering' CNN (13 March 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2013. ^ Laura Smith-Spark et al. Pope Francis explains name, calls for church 'for the poor' CNN, 16 March 2013 ^ Pope Francis wants 'poor Church for the poor. BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 16 March 2013. ^ Bethune, Brian, Pope Francis: How the first New World pontiff could save the church. 26 March 2013, Retrieved 27 March 2013 ^ Alpert, Emily (13 March 2013. Vatican: It's Pope Francis, not Pope Francis I. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 15 March 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2017. ^ Beverly Johnson Roberts, St. Francis Patron. Archived 21 March 2009. ^ The Little Sisters of St. Clare. Archived from the original on 2010-09-02. Retrieved 2019-04-16. ^ For example, the OSFOC [ permanent dead link. ^ Bliss, Peggy Ann (3 October 2019. Animals to be blessed Saturday at Episcopal Cathedral" PDF. The San Juan Daily Star. p. 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019. ^ Events, New Skete Monastery... ^ St Francis of Assisi - What is Perfect Joy. Eckhart Tolle Now. Retrieved 26 June 2019. ^ Skanda Vale - Frequently asked questions. Skanda Vale. Retrieved 14 November 2018. ^ Walking in Italy: on the trail of Saint Francis of Assisi. 3 November 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019. ^ St Francis' Way. Via di Francesco. 6 June 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019. intends to reintroduce the Franciscan experience in the lands that the Poor Man walked through on his travels. ^ St Francis Way in Italy. Camino Ways. Retrieved 4 November 2019. ^ Writings of St. Francis – Part 2. Archived from the original on 2013-01-28. Retrieved 2013-01-17. ^ Brand, Peter; Pertile, Lino, eds. "2 – Poetry. Francis of Assisi (pp. 5ff. The Cambridge History of Italian Literature. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-52166622-0. Retrieved 31 December 2015. ^ Chesterton, G. (1987. Francis. Image. pp. 160 p. ISBN   0-385-02900-4. Archived from the original on 12 August 2013. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown ( link) Renoux, Christian (2001. La prière pour la paix attribuée à saint François: une énigme à résoudre. Paris: Editions franciscaines. ISBN   2-85020-096-4. ^ Renoux, Christian. "The Origin of the Peace Prayer of St. Retrieved 9 August 2014. ^ In Search of Saint Francis of Assisi, Green Apple Entertainment. Retrieved 20 December 2019. ^ , (2015. " . . . . . 2: . 2 (139) 222–233. Retrieved 11 July 2019 – via. ^ Mark Bernthal - TV-VIDEOS... Bibliography [ edit] Scripta Leonis, Rufini et Angeli Sociorum S. Francis, original manuscript, 1246, compiled by Brother Leo and other companions (1970, 1990, reprinted with corrections) Oxford, Oxford University Press, edited by Rosalind B. Brooke, in Latin and English, ISBN   0-19-822214-9, containing testimony recorded by intimate, long-time companions of St. Francis Bonaventure; Cardinal Manning (1867. ISBN   978-0-89555-343-0 Chesterton, Gilbert Keith (1924. Francis of Assisi (14 ed. Garden City, New York: Image Books. Englebert, Omer (1951. New York: Barnes & Noble. Karrer, Otto, ed., St. Wydenbruck, London: Sheed and Ward, 1979) Tolan, John (2009. Saint Francis and the Sultan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Further reading [ edit] Acocella, Joan (14 January 2013. Rich Man, Poor Man: The Radical Visions of St. The New Yorker. 88 (43. p. 72–77. Retrieved 23 January 2015. Antony, Manjiyil. Assisiyile Francis. Alwaye, Santhome Creations, 2013. Fioretti di San Francesco, the " Little Flowers of St. Francis. end of the 14th century: an anonymous Italian version of the Actus; the most popular of the sources, but very late and therefore not the best authority by any means. Friar Julian of Speyer, Vita Sancti Francisci, 1232–1239. Friar Tommaso da Celano: Vita Prima Sancti Francisci, 1228; Vita Secunda Sancti Francisci, 1246–1247; Tractatus de Miraculis Sancti Francisci, 1252–1253. Friar Elias, Epistola Encyclica de Transitu Sancti Francisci, 1226. Pope Gregory IX, Bulla "Mira circa nos" for the canonization of St. Francis, 19 July 1228. St. Bonaventure of Bagnoregio, Legenda Maior Sancti Francisci, 1260–1263. The Little Flowers of Saint Francis (Translated by Raphael Brown) Doubleday, 1998. ISBN   978-0-385-07544-2 Ugolino da Montegiorgio, Actus Beati Francisci et sociorum eius, 1327–1342. External links [ edit] Saint Francis of Assisi" Encyclopædia Britannica online "St. Francis of Assisium, Confessor" Butler's Lives of the Saints The Franciscan Archive Saint Francis of Assisi – Catholic Saints & Angels Here Followeth the Life of Saint Francis from Caxton's translation of the Golden Legend Colonnade Statue in St Peter's Square Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica "The Poor Man of Assisi. Invisible Monastery of carity and fraternity – Christian prayer group. Archived from the original on 23 March 2018. Works by or about Francis of Assisi at Internet Archive Works by Francis of Assisi at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks.

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They dont show the kicking screaming and biting and the emotional torment of baby sitting in this trailer. That Darth Vader transition into Anakin was actually brilliant. Felt that. Brianna Rios Class of 2017 Education Major World Championship Salsa Dancer Brianna Rios Class of 2017, Education Brianna chose St. Francis College for the small classes and family atmosphere. Her major in Physical Education is preparing her for a life teaching others. It's one way she wants to share her skills and experience as a professional salsa dancer. Salvatore Demma Class of 2009 and 2011 Vice President at JP Morgan Chase MS in Accounting BS in Economics, concentration in Finance Class of 2009 and 2011 “I look up to my professors tremendously, especially my accounting professors. They have given me so much guidance already in helping me understand what I need to do to achieve my goals. ” Noel Jones Class of 2019 MFA in Creative Writing Class of 2019, MFA in Creative Writing Since earning his B. A. in English from St. Francis in 2012, Jones made a living mainly through jobs related to boats, including at Cadell Dry Dock, one of the last remaining shipyards in New York City. He also taught in the Maritime Technology Program at Kingsborough Community College. This fall, he will instruct SFC undergraduates as an adjunct faculty member in the English department. Dr. Victoria Ruiz Assistant Professor, Biology Assistant Professor, Biology Dr. Ruiz taught biology at Yeshiva University, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and New York University before joining St. Francis College. Her research is focused on microbiota and the immune system. Shes also interested in developing new and innovative pedagogical strategies to improve learning outcomes for undergraduate students interested in pursuing STEM fields.

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